Class 10 Geography Chapter 2 MCQ | Forest and Wildlife Resources important MCQs
This article will provide you with Class 10 Geography Chapter 2 MCQ. Forest and Wildlife Resources important MCQs can be very helpful for your exam preparation. I have prepared this from my own notes, and using this, I scored 98 out of 100 in Social Science in my boards. You can also get good grades. You can also watch the full chapter explanations on our YouTube channel. All the MCQs are based on the latest CBSE Pattern, which will help you to get the best questions.
Class 10 Geography Chapter 2 MCQ | Forest and Wildlife Resources important MCQs
The Class 10 Geography Chapter 2 MCQ is structured into three distinct parts:
Part I consists of 50 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Part II presents 10 Assertion-Reason questions
Part III includes 10 Statement-Based questions
Part I: Class 10 Geography Chapter 2 MCQ
Subsection 1.1: Biodiversity and the Need for Conservation
1. According to the text, humans, along with all living organisms, form a complex web of what?
(a) Economic interdependencies
(b) Ecological system
(c) Social network
(d) Food chain
Answer: (b) Ecological system 2
2. Why are forests considered to play a key role in the ecological system?
(a) They are the primary consumers.
(b) They are the primary producers on which all other living beings depend.
(c) They are home to the largest animals.
(d) They regulate global trade in timber.
Answer: (b) They are the primary producers on which all other living beings depend. 2
3. Which of the following is a primary reason for conserving forests and wildlife?
(a) To promote tourism and recreational activities.
(b) To preserve ecological diversity and our life support systems like water, air, and soil.
(c) To ensure a steady supply of raw materials for industries.
(d) To prevent human-wildlife conflict in urban areas.
Answer: (b) To preserve ecological diversity and our life support systems like water, air, and soil. 2
4. Conservation of genetic diversity of plants and animals is important for:
(a) Maintaining the aesthetic beauty of nature.
(b) Better growth of species and breeding.
(c) Reducing the number of species to manageable levels.
(d) Creating new species through genetic engineering.
Answer: (b) Better growth of species and breeding. 2
5. The text states that fisheries are heavily dependent on:
(a) The maintenance of aquatic biodiversity.
(b) The construction of large dams.
(c) The import of foreign fish species.
(d) The use of chemical fertilizers in water bodies.
Answer: (a) The maintenance of aquatic biodiversity. 2
Subsection 1.2: The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act and Conservation Projects
6. The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, which included various provisions for protecting habitats, was implemented in:
(a) 1962
(b) 1972
(c) 1980
(d) 1991
Answer: (b) 1972 2
7. The thrust of the national wildlife protection programme in the 1960s and 1970s was towards:
(a) Creating more zoos and botanical gardens.
(b) Protecting the remaining population of certain endangered species by banning hunting.
(c) Promoting the export of wildlife products.
(d) Encouraging the domestication of wild animals.
Answer: (b) Protecting the remaining population of certain endangered species by banning hunting. 2
8. Which of the following animals was NOT part of the specific protection projects announced by the central government?
(a) The one-horned rhinoceros
(b) The Asiatic lion
(c) The Gharial
(d) The Bengal fox
Answer: (d) The Bengal fox 2
9. According to the text, which two nations provide habitat to about two-thirds of the surviving tiger population in the world, making them prime targets for poaching?
(a) India and China
(b) India and Nepal
(c) Nepal and Bhutan
(d) India and Bangladesh
Answer: (b) India and Nepal 2
10. “Project Tiger,” one of the most well-publicised wildlife campaigns, was launched in:
(a) 1972
(b) 1973
(c) 1983
(d) 1993
Answer: (b) 1973 2
11. The tiger population in 1973 had dwindled to 1,827 from an estimated figure of what at the turn of the century?
(a) 15,000
(b) 25,000
(c) 55,000
(d) 75,000
Answer: (c) 55,000 2
12. Which of the following is NOT listed as a major threat to the tiger population?
(a) Poaching for trade
(b) Shrinking habitat
(c) Government conservation projects
(d) Depletion of prey base species
Answer: (c) Government conservation projects 2
13. Which of the following is a tiger reserve located in West Bengal?
(a) Corbett National Park
(b) Bandhavgarh National Park
(c) Manas Tiger Reserve
(d) Sunderbans National Park
Answer: (d) Sunderbans National Park 2
14. Periyar Tiger Reserve is located in which state?
(a) Tamil Nadu
(b) Karnataka
(c) Kerala
(d) Andhra Pradesh
Answer: (c) Kerala 2
15. The conservation focus has now shifted from protecting a few species to protecting:
(a) Only plant species
(b) Only large mammals
(c) Overall biodiversity
(d) Only marine life
Answer: (c) Overall biodiversity 2
16. In which year were plants first added to the list of protected species under the Wildlife Act?
(a) 1972
(b) 1980
(c) 1986
(d) 1991
Answer: (d) 1991 2
17. Under the Wildlife Act of 1980 and 1986, which of the following were added to the list of protected species?
(a) Only large mammals
(b) Only birds of prey
(c) Several hundred butterflies, moths, and beetles
(d) Only medicinal plants
Answer: (c) Several hundred butterflies, moths, and beetles 2
18. The Kashmir stag is also known as:
(a) Chinkara
(b) Godawan
(c) Hangul
(d) Black buck
Answer: (c) Hangul 2
19. Which of the following is NOT one of the three types of crocodiles protected under specific projects?
(a) Freshwater crocodile
(b) Saltwater crocodile
(c) Gharial
(d) Marsh crocodile
Answer: (d) Marsh crocodile 2 (While Marsh crocodile is a type, the text specifies the three protected categories as freshwater, saltwater, and Gharial)
20. The great Indian bustard is also known by what name?
(a) Hangul
(b) Chinkara
(c) Godawan
(d) Nilgai
Answer: (c) Godawan 2
Subsection 1.3: Types and Distribution of Forests
21. More than half of the total forest land in India has been declared as:
(a) Protected Forests
(b) Unclassed Forests
(c) Reserved Forests
(d) Community Forests
Answer: (c) Reserved Forests 2
22. Which category of forests is regarded as the most valuable for the conservation of forest and wildlife resources?
(a) Protected Forests
(b) Reserved Forests
(c) Unclassed Forests
(d) Sacred Groves
Answer: (b) Reserved Forests 2
23. Almost one-third of the total forest area in India consists of:
(a) Protected Forests
(b) Reserved Forests
(c) Unclassed Forests
(d) Permanent Forest Estates
Answer: (a) Protected Forests 2
24. Forests and wastelands belonging to both government and private individuals and communities are categorised as:
(a) Reserved Forests
(b) Protected Forests
(c) Permanent Forests
(d) Unclassed Forests
Answer: (d) Unclassed Forests 2
25. Reserved and protected forests are collectively referred to as:
(a) Community Forests
(b) Unclassed Forests
(c) Permanent Forest Estates
(d) National Parks
Answer: (c) Permanent Forest Estates 2
26. Which state has the largest area under permanent forests, constituting 75% of its total forest area?
(a) Rajasthan
(b) Arunachal Pradesh
(c) Madhya Pradesh
(d) West Bengal
Answer: (c) Madhya Pradesh 2
27. States like Bihar, Haryana, Punjab, and Rajasthan have a bulk of their forests under which category?
(a) Reserved Forests
(b) Protected Forests
(c) Unclassed Forests
(d) Sacred Groves
Answer: (b) Protected Forests 2
28. A very high percentage of forests in the North-eastern states and parts of Gujarat are managed by local communities and are classified as:
(a) Reserved Forests
(b) Protected Forests
(c) Unclassed Forests
(d) Wildlife Sanctuaries
Answer: (c) Unclassed Forests 2
29. Which of the following states has a large percentage of its forests classified as reserved forests?
(a) Punjab
(b) Haryana
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Maharashtra
Answer: (d) Maharashtra 2
30. The purpose of maintaining permanent forest estates is for producing timber, other forest produce, and for:
(a) Agricultural reasons
(b) Industrial development
(c) Protective reasons
(d) Urban expansion
Answer: (c) Protective reasons 2
Subsection 1.4: Community and Conservation
31. In Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, villagers fought against which activity by citing the Wildlife Protection Act?
(a) Deforestation
(b) Overgrazing
(c) Mining
(d) Construction of dams
Answer: (c) Mining 2
32. The inhabitants of five villages in the Alwar district of Rajasthan declared 1,200 hectares of forest as:
(a) A National Park
(b) A Reserved Forest
(c) The Bhairodev Dakav ‘Sonchuri’
(d) A Joint Forest Management area
Answer: (c) The Bhairodev Dakav ‘Sonchuri’ 2
33. The famous Chipko movement, which successfully resisted deforestation, originated in:
(a) The Western Ghats
(b) The Himalayas
(c) The Chota Nagpur region
(d) The forests of Rajasthan
Answer: (b) The Himalayas 2
34. The Beej Bachao Andolan in Tehri demonstrated that:
(a) Large-scale monoculture is most profitable.
(b) The use of synthetic chemicals is essential for high yields.
(c) Adequate levels of diversified crop production without synthetic chemicals are possible.
(d) Government intervention is always necessary for agricultural success.
Answer: (c) Adequate levels of diversified crop production without synthetic chemicals are possible. 2
35. The Joint Forest Management (JFM) programme is a good example of involving:
(a) International agencies in conservation.
(b) Private corporations in forest management.
(c) Local communities in the management and restoration of degraded forests.
(d) Only government officials in protection activities.
Answer: (c) Local communities in the management and restoration of degraded forests. 2
36. Which state passed the first resolution for Joint Forest Management in 1988?
(a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Rajasthan
(c) Odisha
(d) Kerala
Answer: (c) Odisha 2
37. In return for their protection activities under JFM, members of the communities are entitled to benefits like:
(a) Ownership of the forest land.
(b) A fixed monthly salary from the government.
(c) Non-timber forest produce and a share in harvested timber.
(d) The right to build permanent settlements in the forest.
Answer: (c) Non-timber forest produce and a share in harvested timber. 2
38. The clear lesson from environmental dynamics in India is that who must be involved in natural resource management?
(a) Only the central government
(b) International NGOs
(c) Large corporations
(d) Local communities
Answer: (d) Local communities 2
39. The Chipko movement also showed that community afforestation with which type of species can be enormously successful?
(a) Genetically modified species
(b) Foreign commercial species
(c) Indigenous species
(d) Fast-growing timber species
Answer: (c) Indigenous species 2
40. The work of citizen’s groups like Navdanya is primarily focused on:
(a) Promoting industrial agriculture.
(b) Developing new methods of ecological farming and reviving traditional conservation.
(c) Lobbying for the use of synthetic chemicals.
(d) Exporting agricultural products.
Answer: (b) Developing new methods of ecological farming and reviving traditional conservation. 2
Subsection 1.5: Sacred Groves and Nature Worship
41. The age-old tribal belief that all creations of nature have to be protected has preserved virgin forests in pristine form called:
(a) National Parks
(b) Reserved Forests
(c) Sacred Groves
(d) Community Reserves
Answer: (c) Sacred Groves 2
42. The Mundas and the Santhal of the Chota Nagpur region worship which of the following trees?
(a) Tamarind and Mango
(b) Peepal and Banyan
(c) Mahua and Kadamba
(d) Neem and Tulsi
Answer: (c) Mahua and Kadamba 2
43. The tribals of Odisha and Bihar worship which trees during weddings?
(a) Mahua and Kadamba
(b) Tamarind and Mango
(c) Peepal and Banyan
(d) Sal and Teak
Answer: (b) Tamarind and Mango 2
44. In and around Bishnoi villages in Rajasthan, which animals can be seen as an integral part of the community where nobody harms them?
(a) Tigers and lions
(b) Elephants and rhinos
(c) Blackbuck, nilgai, and peacocks
(d) Wild boars and deer
Answer: (c) Blackbuck, nilgai, and peacocks 2
45. The premise of nature worship is based on the belief that:
(a) Nature is a commodity to be exploited.
(b) All creations of nature have to be protected.
(c) Humans are superior to all other forms of life.
(d) Only useful species should be conserved.
Answer: (b) All creations of nature have to be protected. 2
46. Sacred qualities are often ascribed to which of the following?
(a) Only large trees
(b) Only mountain peaks
(c) Springs, mountain peaks, plants, and animals
(d) Only commercially valuable species
Answer: (c) Springs, mountain peaks, plants, and animals 2
47. The protection of troops of macaques and langurs around many temples is an example of:
(a) A government wildlife project.
(b) A traditional method of conserving nature.
(c) A measure to control animal populations.
(d) A commercial tourist attraction.
Answer: (b) A traditional method of conserving nature. 2
48. The term ‘Sacred Groves’ refers to:
(a) Forests planted by the government for religious purposes.
(b) Patches of forest left untouched by local people, where interference is banned.
(c) Gardens attached to temples and monasteries.
(d) Commercial plantations of sacred trees like sandalwood.
Answer: (b) Patches of forest left untouched by local people, where interference is banned. 2
49. The conservation practices of the Bishnoi community are most prominently seen in which state?
(a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Odisha
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Kerala
Answer: (c) Rajasthan 2
50. The quote at the end of the chapter by Gautama Buddha describes what as an “organism of unlimited kindness and benevolence”?
(a) The river
(b) The mountain
(c) The animal
(d) The tree
Answer: (d) The tree 2
Part II: Assertion-Reason Questions
Directions: In the following questions, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option from the codes given below.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
51. Assertion (A): Conservation of forests and wildlife is essential for human survival.
Reason (R): Conservation preserves ecological diversity and our life support systems like water, air, and soil.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The text explicitly states that conservation is essential because it preserves ecological diversity and the life support systems (water, air, soil) without which we cannot survive. The reason directly justifies the assertion. 2
52. Assertion (A): The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act was implemented in 1972.
Reason (R): The Act’s primary aim was to promote the trade of wildlife products to boost the national economy.
Answer: (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: The assertion is factually correct; the Act was implemented in 1972. However, the reason is false. The Act’s aim was to protect habitats, ban hunting, and restrict trade in wildlife, not promote it. 2
53. Assertion (A): “Project Tiger” was launched in 1973 as a major wildlife campaign.
Reason (R): The tiger population had increased to an estimated 55,000 by the early 1970s, requiring management.
Answer: (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: The assertion is correct. However, the reason is false. Project Tiger was launched because the tiger population had dwindled to 1,827 from an estimated 55,000, not because it had increased. 2
54. Assertion (A): Reserved forests are considered the most valuable for conservation.
Reason (R): More than half of the total forest land in India has been declared as reserved forests.
Answer: (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both statements are factually correct as per the text. However, the reason (that they constitute more than half the forest land) is a statement of their extent, not the reason for their value. Their value comes from the high degree of protection they are afforded for conservation purposes. 2
55. Assertion (A): The Chipko movement in the Himalayas successfully resisted deforestation.
Reason (R): The movement also demonstrated that community afforestation with indigenous species can be enormously successful.
Answer: (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both statements are true. The Chipko movement did resist deforestation and also showed the success of community afforestation. However, the reason (demonstrating success in afforestation) is an additional outcome of the movement, not the direct explanation for why it successfully resisted deforestation. The resistance was due to the direct action of the community members. 2
56. Assertion (A): The Joint Forest Management (JFM) programme involves local communities in managing degraded forests.
Reason (R): In return for their services, the community members are given complete ownership of the forest land.
Answer: (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: The assertion is a correct description of the JFM programme. The reason is false. Community members are entitled to intermediary benefits like non-timber produce and a share in timber, not complete ownership of the land. 2
57. Assertion (A): The Bishnoi community in Rajasthan plays an active role in protecting wildlife.
Reason (R): Herds of blackbuck, nilgai, and peacocks are considered an integral part of their community and are not harmed.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The reason provides a specific example of the Bishnoi community’s beliefs and practices, which directly explains how they play an active role in protecting wildlife, as stated in the assertion. 2
58. Assertion (A): Conservation projects are now focusing on overall biodiversity rather than just a few species.
Reason (R): As part of this broader focus, even insects like butterflies and moths have been added to the list of protected species.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The assertion states a shift in conservation policy. The reason provides a concrete example of this shift (protecting insects), thereby correctly explaining and illustrating the assertion. 2
59. Assertion (A): Sacred groves are patches of virgin forest that have been preserved in a pristine form.
Reason (R): This preservation is a result of an age-old tribal belief that all creations of nature have to be protected.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The reason (the tribal belief in protecting all of nature) is the direct cause for the existence and preservation of sacred groves, as described in the assertion. 2
60. Assertion (A): Madhya Pradesh has the largest area under permanent forests in India.
Reason (R): All North-eastern states have a very high percentage of their forests classified as unclassed forests.
Answer: (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both statements are factually correct according to the text. However, the status of forests in North-eastern states (Reason) has no causal relationship with the forest classification in Madhya Pradesh (Assertion). They are two independent facts about forest distribution in India. 2
Part III: Statement-Based Questions
61. Consider the following statements regarding the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972 and select the correct option.
- It was implemented to provide a legal framework for the protection of wild animals and plants.
- An all-India list of protected species was published as part of the programme.
- The programme’s main thrust was to ban hunting, give legal protection to habitats, and restrict trade in wildlife.
(a) 1 and 2 are correct.
(b) 2 and 3 are correct.
(c) 1 and 3 are correct.
(d) All 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
Answer: (d) All 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
Explanation: All three statements accurately describe the purpose and key features of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act and the associated programme as detailed in the text. 2
62. Evaluate the following statements about forest classification in India and identify the correct combination.
- Reserved forests constitute more than half of the total forest land.
- Protected forests are lands protected from any further depletion and make up almost one-third of the forest area.
- Madhya Pradesh has the largest area under unclassed forests.
(a) 1 and 2 are correct.
(b) 1 and 3 are correct.
(c) 2 and 3 are correct.
(d) All 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 are correct.
Explanation: Statements 1 and 2 are factually correct. Statement 3 is incorrect; the text states that Madhya Pradesh has the largest area under permanent forests (75%), while North-eastern states have a high percentage of unclassed forests. 2
63. Which of the following statements about community participation in conservation are correct?
- The Chipko movement in the Himalayas successfully resisted deforestation.
- In Sariska Tiger Reserve, villagers fought against mining by citing the Wildlife Protection Act.
- The Beej Bachao Andolan showed that diversified crop production is only possible with synthetic chemicals.
(a) 1 and 2 are correct.
(b) 2 and 3 are correct.
(c) 1 and 3 are correct.
(d) All 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 are correct.
Explanation: Statements 1 and 2 are correct examples given in the text. Statement 3 is incorrect; the Beej Bachao Andolan showed that diversified crop production is possible without the use of synthetic chemicals. 2
64. Analyze the following statements regarding nature worship in India and choose the correct option.
- The Mundas and the Santhal of Chota Nagpur worship the tamarind and mango trees.
- Sacred groves are forests preserved based on the belief that all creations of nature must be protected.
- The Bishnoi community of Rajasthan is known for protecting the blackbuck.
(a) 1 and 2 are correct.
(b) 1 and 3 are correct.
(c) 2 and 3 are correct.
(d) All 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
Answer: (c) 2 and 3 are correct.
Explanation: Statements 2 and 3 are correct. Statement 1 is incorrect; the text states that the Mundas and Santhal worship the mahua and kadamba trees, while tribals of Odisha and Bihar worship the tamarind and mango trees. 2
65. Consider the following statements about Project Tiger and select the correct ones.
- It was launched in 1973 to save an endangered species.
- The project views tiger conservation as a means of preserving biotypes of sizeable magnitude.
- Sariska Wildlife Sanctuary in Rajasthan is one of the tiger reserves of India.
(a) 1 and 3 are correct.
(b) 1 and 2 are correct.
(c) 2 and 3 are correct.
(d) All 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
Answer: (d) All 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
Explanation: All three statements are accurate descriptions of Project Tiger and its scope as provided in the text. 2
66. Which of the following statements correctly describe the Joint Forest Management (JFM) programme?
- It is a programme for involving local communities in managing and restoring degraded forests.
- The state of Odisha passed the first resolution for JFM in 1988.
- JFM depends on the formation of local institutions that undertake protection activities.
(a) 1 and 2 are correct.
(b) 2 and 3 are correct.
(c) 1 and 3 are correct.
(d) All 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
Answer: (d) All 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
Explanation: All three statements accurately describe the key features, origin, and functioning of the JFM programme as mentioned in the text. 2
67. Evaluate the following statements about the distribution of forests in India.
- States like Jammu and Kashmir, Kerala, and West Bengal have large percentages of reserved forests.
- States like Bihar, Haryana, and Punjab have a bulk of their forests under the protected category.
- All North-eastern states have a very high percentage of reserved forests.
(a) 1 only is correct.
(b) 1 and 2 are correct.
(c) 2 and 3 are correct.
(d) All 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
Answer: (b) 1 and 2 are correct.
Explanation: Statements 1 and 2 are correct as per the text. Statement 3 is incorrect; the North-eastern states have a high percentage of unclassed forests, not reserved forests. 2
68. Consider the following statements regarding the evolution of conservation measures.
- The focus of conservation has shifted from a few of its components to overall biodiversity.
- Plants were first added to the protected list in 1991, starting with six species.
- The Wildlife Act of 1980 and 1986 added several hundred species of birds to the protected list.
(a) 1 and 2 are correct.
(b) 2 and 3 are correct.
(c) 1 and 3 are correct.
(d) All 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 are correct.
Explanation: Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Statement 3 is incorrect; the text specifies that several hundred butterflies, moths, beetles, and one dragonfly were added, not birds. 2
69. Analyze the following statements about threats to wildlife.
- The primary threats to the tiger population are poaching, shrinking habitat, and a growing human population.
- The trade of tiger bones in traditional medicines, especially in Asian countries, has been a major factor in their decline.
- The Gharial population has been thriving and at its highest since the 1970s.
(a) 1 and 2 are correct.
(b) 2 and 3 are correct.
(c) 1 and 3 are correct.
(d) All 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 are correct.
Explanation: Statements 1 and 2 accurately describe the threats to tigers. Statement 3 is incorrect; the text explicitly states the Gharial population has been at its lowest since the 1970s and is critically endangered. 2
70. Which of the following statements about community-led conservation efforts are true?
- The Bhairodev Dakav ‘Sonchuri’ was a government-initiated project in Rajasthan.
- The Chipko movement was an example of community resistance to deforestation.
- The JFM programme entitles community members to a share in non-timber forest produce.
(a) 1 and 2 are correct.
(b) 2 and 3 are correct.
(c) 1 and 3 are correct.
(d) All 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
Answer: (b) 2 and 3 are correct.
Explanation: Statements 2 and 3 are correct. Statement 1 is incorrect; the Bhairodev Dakav ‘Sonchuri’ was declared by the inhabitants of five villages themselves, who explicitly rejected government involvement. 2
Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 MCQ | Resources And Development important MCQ
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