Class 10 Geography Chapter 5 MCQ | Minerals and Energy Resources important MCQs
This article will provide you with Class 10 Geography Chapter 5 MCQ. Minerals and Energy Resources Important MCQs can be very helpful for your exam preparation. I have prepared this from my own notes, and using this, I scored 98 out of 100 in Social Science in my boards. You can also get good grades. You can also watch the full chapter explanations on our YouTube channel. All the MCQs are based on the latest CBSE Pattern, which will help you to get the best questions.
Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 MCQ | Agriculture important MCQs
Minerals and Energy Resources important MCQs
1. According to geologists, what is the definition of a mineral?
(a) A man-made, organic substance with a random structure.
(b) A heterogeneous, naturally occurring substance.
(c) [cite_start]A homogenous, naturally occurring substance with a definable internal structure. [cite: 29]
(d) Any substance found in the Earth’s crust.
Answer: (c) A homogenous, naturally occurring substance with a definable internal structure.
2. Which of the following minerals is used to reduce cavities and comes from fluorite?
(a) Silica
(b) [cite_start]Fluoride [cite: 20]
(c) Titanium oxide
(d) Mica
Answer: (b) Fluoride
3. What gives some toothpastes their sparkle?
(a) Rutile
(b) Ilmenite
(c) [cite_start]Mica [cite: 22]
(d) Limestone
Answer: (c) Mica
4. In igneous and metamorphic rocks, smaller occurrences of minerals in cracks and crevices are called:
(a) Lodes
(b) [cite_start]Veins [cite: 51]
(c) Beds
(d) Layers
Answer: (b) Veins
5. Bauxite is formed through which mode of occurrence?
(a) As alluvial ‘placer deposits’.
(b) Through evaporation in arid regions.
(c) In beds or layers in sedimentary rocks.
(d) [cite_start]Decomposition of surface rocks, leaving a residual mass. [cite: 58, 59]
Answer: (d) Decomposition of surface rocks, leaving a residual mass.
6. Gold, silver, and platinum are often found in what type of deposits in the sands of valley floors?
(a) Veins
(b) Lodes
(c) [cite_start]Placer deposits [cite: 83]
(d) Residual mass
Answer: (c) Placer deposits
7. The illegal mining of coal in Jowai and Cherapunjee by family members in long, narrow tunnels is known as:
(a) Open-pit mining
(b) Quarrying
(c) [cite_start]Rat-hole mining [cite: 91]
(d) Shaft mining
Answer: (c) Rat-hole mining
8. The vast alluvial plains of north India are:
(a) Rich in metallic minerals.
(b) Rich in petroleum deposits.
(c) [cite_start]Almost devoid of economic minerals. [cite: 98]
(d) Rich in bauxite deposits.
Answer: (c) Almost devoid of economic minerals.
9. Ferrous minerals account for about what fraction of the total value of the production of metallic minerals?
(a) One-fourth
(b) Half
(c) Two-thirds
(d) [cite_start]Three-fourths [cite: 105]
Answer: (d) Three-fourths
10. Which is the finest quality iron ore with an iron content of up to 70 percent?
(a) Hematite
(b) [cite_start]Magnetite [cite: 111]
(c) Limonite
(d) Siderite
Answer: (b) Magnetite
11. Which is the most important industrial iron ore in terms of quantity used?
(a) Magnetite
(b) [cite_start]Hematite [cite: 113]
(c) Bauxite
(d) Mica
Answer: (b) Hematite
12. The Bailadila hills, famous for high-grade hematite, are located in which district of Chhattisgarh?
(a) Durg
(b) Raipur
(c) [cite_start]Bastar [cite: 125]
(d) Bilaspur
Answer: (c) Bastar
13. The Kudremukh mines, a 100 percent export unit, are located in:
(a) The Eastern Ghats of Odisha
(b) [cite_start]The Western Ghats of Karnataka [cite: 130]
(c) The Aravalli hills of Rajasthan
(d) The Chota Nagpur plateau of Jharkhand
Answer: (b) The Western Ghats of Karnataka
14. How much manganese is required to manufacture one tonne of steel?
(a) 1 kg
(b) 5 kg
(c) [cite_start]10 kg [cite: 138]
(d) 20 kg
Answer: (c) 10 kg
15. According to the 2018-19 data, which state was the largest producer of manganese?
(a) Odisha
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Karnataka
(d) [cite_start]Madhya Pradesh [cite: 144, 145]
Answer: (d) Madhya Pradesh
16. The Balaghat mines in Madhya Pradesh and Khetri mines in Rajasthan are leading producers of:
(a) Iron ore
(b) Bauxite
(c) [cite_start]Copper [cite: 256]
(d) Mica
Answer: (c) Copper
17. Aluminium is obtained from which ore?
(a) Hematite
(b) Magnetite
(c) [cite_start]Bauxite [cite: 258]
(d) Limestone
Answer: (c) Bauxite
18. According to the 2018-19 data, which state was the largest bauxite producing state in India?
(a) Gujarat
(b) Jharkhand
(c) Chhattisgarh
(d) [cite_start]Odisha [cite: 263]
Answer: (d) Odisha
19. Which mineral is indispensable for electric and electronic industries due to its excellent di-electric strength and insulating properties?
(a) Limestone
(b) Copper
(c) [cite_start]Mica [cite: 282]
(d) Bauxite
Answer: (c) Mica
20. The Koderma-Gaya-Hazaribagh belt in Jharkhand is the leading producer of:
(a) Iron Ore
(b) Copper
(c) Bauxite
(d) [cite_start]Mica [cite: 285]
Answer: (d) Mica
21. Limestone is the basic raw material for which industry?
(a) Electrical industry
(b) [cite_start]Cement industry [cite: 276]
(c) Electronics industry
(d) Chemical industry
Answer: (b) Cement industry
22. Dumping of waste and slurry from mines leads to the degradation of:
(a) Air and water only
(b) [cite_start]Land, soil, and increases river pollution [cite: 306]
(c) Only forest cover
(d) Only urban infrastructure
Answer: (b) Land, soil, and increases river pollution
23. Mineral resources are considered finite and:
(a) Renewable
(b) [cite_start]Non-renewable [cite: 369]
(c) Inexhaustible
(d) Man-made
Answer: (b) Non-renewable
24. Which of the following is a conventional source of energy?
(a) Solar energy
(b) Wind energy
(c) [cite_start]Coal [cite: 383]
(d) Tidal energy
Answer: (c) Coal
25. Which of the following is a non-conventional source of energy?
(a) Petroleum
(b) Natural gas
(c) Firewood
(d) [cite_start]Geothermal energy [cite: 384]
Answer: (d) Geothermal energy
26. Which type of coal is produced from the decay of plants in swamps and has low carbon content?
(a) [cite_start]Peat [cite: 400]
(b) Lignite
(c) Bituminous
(d) Anthracite
Answer: (a) Peat
27. The principal lignite reserves in India are found in:
(a) Jharia, Jharkhand
(b) Raniganj, West Bengal
(c) [cite_start]Neyveli, Tamil Nadu [cite: 402]
(d) Singareni, Telangana
Answer: (c) Neyveli, Tamil Nadu
28. Which is the highest quality hard coal?
(a) Peat
(b) Lignite
(c) Bituminous
(d) [cite_start]Anthracite [cite: 405]
Answer: (d) Anthracite
29. Gondwana coal deposits, which are over 200 million years old, are located in:
(a) North-eastern states
(b) [cite_start]Damodar valley [cite: 407]
(c) Aravalli ranges
(d) Coastal plains
Answer: (b) Damodar valley
30. Which is the oldest oil-producing state in India?
(a) Gujarat
(b) Maharashtra
(c) [cite_start]Assam [cite: 504]
(d) Rajasthan
Answer: (c) Assam
31. The 1,700 km long Hazira-Vijaipur-Jagdishpur (HVJ) pipeline transports what?
(a) Petroleum
(b) Slurry of iron ore
(c) [cite_start]Natural gas [cite: 516]
(d) Water
Answer: (c) Natural gas
32. The per-capita consumption of which of the following is considered an index of development?
(a) Coal
(b) Petroleum
(c) [cite_start]Electricity [cite: 519]
(d) Water
Answer: (c) Electricity
33. Hydroelectricity is generated from:
(a) Burning coal
(b) Nuclear fission
(c) [cite_start]Fast-flowing water [cite: 525]
(d) Geothermal heat
Answer: (c) Fast-flowing water
34. Uranium and Thorium are used for generating:
(a) Thermal power
(b) Hydroelectric power
(c) Solar power
(d) [cite_start]Atomic or nuclear power [cite: 630]
Answer: (d) Atomic or nuclear power
35. The Monazite sands of which state are rich in Thorium?
(a) Tamil Nadu
(b) [cite_start]Kerala [cite: 631]
(c) Andhra Pradesh
(d) Odisha
Answer: (b) Kerala
36. The largest wind farm cluster in India is located in Tamil Nadu from:
(a) Chennai to Madurai
(b) [cite_start]Nagarcoil to Madurai [cite: 642]
(c) Kanyakumari to Tuticorin
(d) Coimbatore to Salem
Answer: (b) Nagarcoil to Madurai
37. Gobar gas plants provide twin benefits to the farmer in the form of energy and:
(a) Purified water
(b) [cite_start]Improved quality of manure [cite: 651]
(c) Animal fodder
(d) Pesticides
Answer: (b) Improved quality of manure
38. In India, the Gulf of Khambhat and Gulf of Kutchchh provide ideal conditions for utilising:
(a) Geothermal energy
(b) Solar energy
(c) [cite_start]Tidal energy [cite: 662]
(d) Wind energy
Answer: (c) Tidal energy
39. An experimental project to harness geothermal energy is located in the Parvati valley near Manikaran in which state?
(a) Uttarakhand
(b) Ladakh
(c) [cite_start]Himachal Pradesh [cite: 672]
(d) Arunachal Pradesh
Answer: (c) Himachal Pradesh
40. What is the simple mantra for energy conservation mentioned in the text?
(a) “Energy is power”
(b) “Energy for all”
(c) [cite_start]”Energy saved is energy produced” [cite: 683]
(d) “Use more, produce more”
Answer: (c) “Energy saved is energy produced”
41. Which minerals found in toothpaste help in cleaning?
(a) Fluorite and Mica
(b) Rutile and Ilmenite
(c) [cite_start]Silica, limestone, and aluminium oxide [cite: 19]
(d) Titanium oxide and plastics
Answer: (c) Silica, limestone, and aluminium oxide
42. Which rock consists of a single mineral only?
(a) Granite
(b) Sandstone
(c) [cite_start]Limestone [cite: 34]
(d) Basalt
Answer: (c) Limestone
43. Iron ore from the Durg-Bastar-Chandrapur belt is exported to Japan and South Korea via which port?
(a) Marmagao
(b) Mangaluru
(c) Paradip
(d) [cite_start]Vishakhapatnam [cite: 128]
Answer: (d) Vishakhapatnam
44. Which of the following are largely derived from ocean waters?
(a) Gold, silver, and tin
(b) [cite_start]Common salt, magnesium, and bromine [cite: 86]
(c) Coal and petroleum
(d) Bauxite and mica
Answer: (b) Common salt, magnesium, and bromine
45. Petroleum refineries act as a “nodal industry” for which industries?
(a) Metallurgical and engineering
(b) [cite_start]Synthetic textile, fertiliser, and chemical industries [cite: 496]
(c) Cement and construction
(d) Automobile and aviation
Answer: (b) Synthetic textile, fertiliser, and chemical industries
46. Which type of coal is considered the most popular for commercial use?
(a) Peat
(b) Lignite
(c) [cite_start]Bituminous [cite: 404]
(d) Anthracite
Answer: (c) Bituminous
47. Most petroleum occurrences in India are associated with rock formations of which age?
(a) Gondwana age
(b) Pre-Cambrian age
(c) [cite_start]Tertiary age [cite: 497]
(d) Jurassic age
Answer: (c) Tertiary age
48. What technology converts sunlight directly into electricity?
(a) Geothermal technology
(b) [cite_start]Photovoltaic technology [cite: 634]
(c) Hydroelectric technology
(d) Nuclear technology
Answer: (b) Photovoltaic technology
49. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of mica?
(a) Excellent di-electric strength
(b) Low power loss factor
(c) [cite_start]Good conductor of electricity [cite: 282]
(d) Resistance to high voltage
Answer: (c) Good conductor of electricity (It has insulating properties).
50. The risk of collapsing mine roofs, inundation, and fires are constant threats for miners in which type of mines?
(a) Bauxite mines
(b) Iron ore mines
(c) [cite_start]Coal mines [cite: 304]
(d) Copper mines
Answer: (c) Coal mines
Minerals and Energy Resources important MCQs – Assertion and Reason Questions
Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
1. Assertion (A): Minerals are an indispensable part of our lives.
[cite_start]Reason (R): Almost everything we use, from a tiny pin to a towering building, is made from minerals. [cite: 14]
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Assertion (A): Mineral resources need to be conserved.
[cite_start]Reason (R): The geological processes of mineral formation are so slow that rates of replenishment are infinitely small in comparison to the present rates of consumption. [cite: 368]
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
3. Assertion (A): The vast alluvial plains of north India are almost devoid of economic minerals.
[cite_start]Reason (R): The distribution of minerals is uneven largely because of the differences in geological structure, processes, and time involved in their formation. [cite: 94, 98, 99]
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
4. Assertion (A): Magnetite is especially valuable in the electrical industry.
[cite_start]Reason (R): It has excellent magnetic qualities. [cite: 112]
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
5. [cite_start]Assertion (A): India is critically deficient in the reserve and production of copper. [cite: 246]
[cite_start]Reason (R): Copper is mainly used in electrical cables, electronics and chemical industries. [cite: 247]
Answer: (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. (The reason explains the use of copper, not the cause of its deficiency in India).
6. [cite_start]Assertion (A): Heavy industries and thermal power stations are located on or near the coalfields. [cite: 492]
[cite_start]Reason (R): Coal is a bulky material that loses weight on use as it is reduced to ash. [cite: 491]
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
7. Assertion (A): There is a pressing need to use renewable energy sources.
[cite_start]Reason (R): The growing consumption of energy has made the country dependent on fossil fuels, which cause serious environmental problems. [cite: 621, 623, 624]
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
8. Assertion (A): Using cattle dung cake for energy is being discouraged.
[cite_start]Reason (R): It consumes most valuable manure which could be used in agriculture. [cite: 387]
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
9. [cite_start]Assertion (A): Bauxite deposits are formed by the decomposition of a wide variety of rocks rich in aluminium silicates. [cite: 259]
Reason (R): Bauxite is a ferrous mineral containing iron.
Answer: (c) A is true but R is false. (Bauxite is a non-ferrous mineral from which aluminium is obtained).
10. Assertion (A): The ocean waters contain vast quantities of minerals.
[cite_start]Reason (R): Most minerals in ocean waters are too widely diffused to be of economic significance. [cite: 85]
Answer: (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. (The reason explains a limitation, not why the minerals are present).
Minerals and Energy Resources important MCQs – Statement-Based Questions
Directions: Read the given statements carefully and choose the correct option.
1. Consider the following statements about the classification of minerals and choose the correct option.
[cite_start]I. Iron ore, Manganese, and Cobalt are Ferrous minerals. [cite: 64, 65]
II. Gold, silver, and platinum are classified as Non-Ferrous minerals.
III. Mica, salt, and potash are examples of Metallic minerals.
IV. [cite_start]Coal and Petroleum are classified as Energy Minerals. [cite: 70, 71, 73]
Options:
(a) I and III are correct.
(b) II and IV are correct.
(c) I and IV are correct.
(d) II and III are correct.
Answer: (c) I and IV are correct. (Gold, silver, and platinum are precious; Mica, salt, and potash are non-metallic).
2. Which of the following statements about the major iron ore belts in India are true?
[cite_start]I. The Odisha-Jharkhand belt has high-grade hematite ore. [cite: 123]
II. [cite_start]The Durg-Bastar-Chandrapur belt lies in Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra. [cite: 125]
III. [cite_start]The Kudremukh mines in Karnataka are known to be one of the largest in the world. [cite: 130, 131]
IV. The Maharashtra-Goa belt contains very high-quality magnetite ores.
Options:
(a) I and IV are true.
(b) II, III and IV are true.
(c) I, II, and III are true.
(d) All are true.
[cite_start]Answer: (c) I, II, and III are true. (The Maharashtra-Goa belt ores are not of very high quality [cite: 134]).
3. Read the statements below regarding the hazards of mining.
[cite_start]I. The dust and noxious fumes inhaled by miners can lead to pulmonary diseases. [cite: 303]
II. Mining helps purify water sources in the region.
III. [cite_start]Dumping of waste leads to the degradation of land and soil. [cite: 306]
IV. [cite_start]The risk of collapsing mine roofs is a constant threat to miners. [cite: 304]
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) I, III, and IV
(b) I, II, and III
(c) II and IV
(d) All are correct.
[cite_start]Answer: (a) I, III, and IV (Mining contaminates water sources [cite: 305]).
4. Consider the following statements about different types of coal.
I. Lignite is a high-grade brown coal.
II. [cite_start]Bituminous coal is the most popular coal in commercial use. [cite: 404]
III. [cite_start]Anthracite is the highest quality hard coal. [cite: 405]
IV. Peat has high carbon content and high heating capacity.
Choose the correct option:
(a) I, II and III are correct.
(b) I and IV are correct.
(c) II and III are correct.
(d) All are correct.
[cite_start]Answer: (c) II and III are correct. (Lignite is low-grade[cite: 401]; [cite_start]Peat has low carbon content and low heating capacity [cite: 400]).
5. Which of the following statements about petroleum and natural gas in India is/are correct?
[cite_start]I. Assam is the oldest oil-producing state of India. [cite: 504]
II. [cite_start]Most petroleum occurrences are found in fault traps and anticlines of the tertiary age. [cite: 497]
III. Natural gas is an environmentally friendly fuel.
IV. [cite_start]Mumbai High, Gujarat, and Assam are major petroleum production areas. [cite: 502]
Options:
(a) I, II, and III
(b) II, III, and IV
(c) I, II, and IV
(d) All are correct.
Answer: (c) I, II, and IV (The text does not explicitly state that Natural Gas is environmentally friendly, though it is implied. Sticking strictly to the text, III is not directly supported, while I, II and IV are explicitly mentioned).
6. Identify the correct statements about Non-Conventional energy sources.
[cite_start]I. Geothermal energy refers to heat produced from the Earth’s interior. [cite: 664]
II. The largest wind farm cluster is located in Rajasthan.
III. Photovoltaic technology converts wind directly into electricity.
IV. [cite_start]The Monazite sands of Kerala are rich in Thorium, used for nuclear power. [cite: 631]
Options:
(a) I and IV are correct.
(b) II and III are correct.
(c) I, II, and III are correct.
(d) All are correct.
[cite_start]Answer: (a) I and IV are correct. (The largest wind farm is in Tamil Nadu[cite: 642]; [cite_start]Photovoltaic technology converts sunlight [cite: 634]).
7. Consider the following statements regarding the occurrence of minerals.
[cite_start]I. In sedimentary rocks, minerals occur in beds or layers. [cite: 54]
II. In igneous rocks, minerals occur as placer deposits.
III. Bauxite is formed as a result of evaporation in arid regions.
IV. [cite_start]Tin, copper, zinc, and lead are obtained from veins and lodes. [cite: 53]
Which of the above are true?
(a) I and IV
(b) II and III
(c) I, II, and III
(d) II, III, and IV
[cite_start]Answer: (a) I and IV (Placer deposits are alluvial; Gypsum and potash are formed by evaporation [cite: 57, 58]).
8. Read the statements below about electricity generation and identify the correct ones.
[cite_start]I. Electricity is generated by burning fuels to produce thermal power. [cite: 521]
II. Hydroelectricity is generated by using non-renewable resources.
III. [cite_start]The per-capita consumption of electricity is considered an index of development. [cite: 519]
IV. Thermal power stations use renewable fossil fuels for generating electricity.
Options:
(a) I and III
(b) II and IV
(c) I, II, and III
(d) All are correct.
[cite_start]Answer: (a) I and III (Hydroelectricity uses water, a renewable resource [cite: 525][cite_start]; fossil fuels are non-renewable [cite: 528]).
9. Which of the following statements about methods of mineral conservation is/are mentioned in the text?
[cite_start]I. Improving technology to use low-grade ores at low costs. [cite: 375]
II. Increasing the depth of mining to find better quality minerals.
III. [cite_start]Recycling of metals. [cite: 376]
IV. [cite_start]Using scrap metals and other substitutes. [cite: 376]
Options:
(a) I, II, and III
(b) I, III, and IV
(c) II and IV
(d) All are correct.
[cite_start]Answer: (b) I, III, and IV (Increasing depth is associated with increasing costs and lower quality, not conservation [cite: 370]).
10. Identify the true statements regarding India’s mineral distribution.
[cite_start]I. Peninsular rocks contain most reserves of coal and metallic minerals. [cite: 95]
II. Petroleum deposits are mainly found in Rajasthan.
III. The vast alluvial plains of north India are rich in economic minerals.
IV. [cite_start]Gujarat and Assam have most of the petroleum deposits. [cite: 96]
Options:
(a) I and II are true.
(b) III and IV are true.
(c) I and IV are true.
(d) II and III are true.
[cite_start]Answer: (c) I and IV are true. (Petroleum is in Gujarat and Assam[cite: 96]; [cite_start]North Indian plains are devoid of minerals [cite: 98]).
Class 10 Geography Chapter 3 MCQ | Water Resources important MCQs
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