Class 12 Geography Chapter 1 MCQ | Human Geography – Nature and Scope Important MCQ
In this article on The Social Class, you will get Class 12 Geography Chapter 1 MCQ | Human Geography – Nature and Scope Important MCQ. I have also provided statement-based and Assertion-Reason questions for Chapter 1 of Class 12 Geography.
Top 30 Class 12 Geography Chapter 1 MCQ
Q1. Who is known as the “Father of Human Geography”?
a) Eratosthenes
b) Carl Ritter
c) Friedrich Ratzel
d) Vidal de la Blache
Answer: b) Carl Ritter
Q2. Who introduced the concept of Environmental Determinism?
a) Carl Ritter
b) Griffith Taylor
c) Friedrich Ratzel
d) Vidal de la Blache
Answer: c) Friedrich Ratzel
Q3. Who gave the concept of Possibilism?
a) Vidal de la Blache
b) Huntington
c) Immanuel Kant
d) Alexander von Humboldt
Answer: a) Vidal de la Blache
Q4. The “Neo-determinism” concept was propounded by:
a) Huntington
b) Griffith Taylor
c) Vidal de la Blache
d) Ratzel
Answer: b) Griffith Taylor
Q5. The term “Geography” was first used by:
a) Herodotus
b) Eratosthenes
c) Ptolemy
d) Strabo
Answer: b) Eratosthenes
Q6. Which one of the following is NOT a branch of Human Geography?
a) Economic Geography
b) Social Geography
c) Medical Geography
d) Oceanography
Answer: d) Oceanography
Q7. Who defined Geography as “a synthetic science, to observe, generalize and explain earth as a whole”?
a) Humboldt
b) Ritter
c) Ratzel
d) Kant
Answer: d) Kant
Q8. “Stop-and-go determinism” is associated with:
a) Huntington
b) Ratzel
c) Griffith Taylor
d) Blache
Answer: c) Griffith Taylor
Q9. Human Geography studies the relationship between:
a) Rocks and minerals
b) Environment and human beings
c) Rivers and deltas
d) Soil and climate
Answer: b) Environment and human beings
Q10. Which scholar is associated with “Possibilism”?
a) Blache
b) Ritter
c) Taylor
d) Ratzel
Answer: a) Blache
Q11. Human Geography is also called:
a) Anthropology
b) Economics
c) Social Science
d) Study of man-environment relationship
Answer: d) Study of man-environment relationship
Q12. Determinism emphasizes:
a) Human freedom
b) Environmental control
c) Possibilities
d) Development
Answer: b) Environmental control
Q13. Which approach explains “humans can modify nature but within limits”?
a) Determinism
b) Possibilism
c) Neo-determinism
d) Ecology
Answer: c) Neo-determinism
Q14. The word “Anthropogeography” was first used by:
a) Ratzel
b) Ritter
c) Kant
d) Humboldt
Answer: a) Ratzel
Q15. Who introduced the concept of “genre de vie”?
a) Ratzel
b) Blache
c) Ritter
d) Humboldt
Answer: b) Blache
Q16. “Human Geography is the study of changing relationship between untiring man and unstable earth” – who said this?
a) Ellen Semple
b) Huntington
c) Vidal de la Blache
d) Ratzel
Answer: c) Vidal de la Blache
Q17. “Man is a product of the earth’s surface” – who said this?
a) Ratzel
b) Blache
c) Semple
d) Kant
Answer: a) Ratzel
Q18. In which century did Human Geography emerge as a distinct discipline?
a) 16th
b) 17th
c) 18th
d) 19th
Answer: d) 19th
Q19. Who popularized environmental determinism in America?
a) Huntington
b) Taylor
c) Ritter
d) Blache
Answer: a) Huntington
Q20. “Human Geography is human ecology” – who gave this idea?
a) Huntington
b) Ratzel
c) Vidal de la Blache
d) Ritter
Answer: b) Ratzel
Q21. Who is called the “founder of modern geography”?
a) Alexander von Humboldt
b) Carl Ritter
c) Kant
d) Ratzel
Answer: a) Alexander von Humboldt
Q22. Which school of thought emphasized technology in shaping human–environment relations?
a) Determinism
b) Possibilism
c) Neo-determinism
d) Quantitative revolution
Answer: b) Possibilism
Q23. Which is the core subject matter of Human Geography?
a) Population
b) Human–environment relationship
c) Settlement
d) Trade
Answer: b) Human–environment relationship
Q24. Who among the following was not a determinist?
a) Ratzel
b) Semple
c) Huntington
d) Blache
Answer: d) Blache
Q25. Who is considered the father of “Possibilism”?
a) Kant
b) Blache
c) Ratzel
d) Taylor
Answer: b) Blache
Q26. Which one of the following disciplines is closely related to Human Geography?
a) Zoology
b) Sociology
c) Chemistry
d) Physics
Answer: b) Sociology
Q27. Neo-determinism is also known as:
a) Stop-and-go determinism
b) Environmental determinism
c) Possibilism
d) Human determinism
Answer: a) Stop-and-go determinism
Q28. Which of the following is NOT a concern of Human Geography?
a) Population distribution
b) Natural vegetation
c) Cultural landscape
d) Migration
Answer: b) Natural vegetation
Q29. Who gave the concept of “organic state”?
a) Ratzel
b) Blache
c) Semple
d) Taylor
Answer: a) Ratzel
Q30. The main focus of Human Geography is:
a) Landforms
b) Natural resources
c) Human and environment relationship
d) Earthquake study
Answer: c) Human and environment relationship
Human Geography Assertion–Reason Questions (ARQs)
Q1. Assertion (A): Human Geography studies inter-relationship between humans and environment.
Reason (R): Human Geography ignores nature completely.
- a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
- b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- c) A is true but R is false.
- d) A is false but R is true.
Answer: c) A is true but R is false.
Q2. Assertion (A): Possibilism emphasizes human role in modifying nature.
Reason (R): According to Possibilism, environment only provides opportunities, humans use them.
Answer: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q3. Assertion (A): Neo-determinism is also called stop-and-go determinism.
Reason (R): It explains limits of human activities within nature’s framework.
Answer: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q4. Assertion (A): Environmental Determinism gives importance to human freedom.
Reason (R): Determinists believed humans could control nature.
Answer: d) A is false but R is true.
Q5. Assertion (A): Vidal de la Blache is associated with Possibilism.
Reason (R): He emphasized role of technology in human progress.
Answer: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q6. Assertion (A): Eratosthenes first used the word “Geography”.
Reason (R): He was a Roman scholar.
Answer: c) A is true but R is false.
Q7. Assertion (A): Ratzel is known as father of Human Geography.
Reason (R): He introduced the term “Anthropogeography”.
Answer: b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Q8. Assertion (A): Human Geography is a social science.
Reason (R): It studies human societies in relation with environment.
Answer: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q9. Assertion (A): Huntington supported environmental determinism.
Reason (R): He related climate with human progress.
Answer: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q10. Assertion (A): Neo-determinism rejects both determinism and possibilism.
Reason (R): It supports uncontrolled human exploitation of environment.
Answer: c) A is true but R is false.
Human Geography Statement-Based Questions
Q1. Consider the following statements:
- Ratzel gave the concept of organic state.
- Blache is associated with environmental determinism.
- Huntington emphasized climate in human progress.
Choose the correct option:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: c) 1 and 3 only
Q2. Which of the following statements are correct about Human Geography?
- It studies only physical environment.
- It studies human–nature interaction.
- It is a social science.
- It ignores cultural landscape.
Answer: 2 and 3 only
Q3. Identify the correct statements:
- Possibilism emphasizes technology.
- Determinism emphasizes human freedom.
- Neo-determinism emphasizes balanced approach.
Answer: 1 and 3 only
Q4. Which of the following is true?
- Eratosthenes coined the term Geography.
- Kant described geography as a synthetic science.
- Blache introduced genre de vie.
Answer: All three are correct (1, 2, 3).
Q5. Choose the incorrect statements:
- Human Geography emerged in the 15th century.
- Ratzel wrote Anthropogeography.
- Huntington supported determinism.
Answer: Incorrect → Statement 1.
Class 12 Geography Chapter 1 Notes And MCQ PDF Download
You can download the Class 12 Geography Chapter 1 Notes and MCQ PDF.
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